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FRESH LOOKS: Mark Strand’s “Nostalgia”

NOSTALGIA

The professors of English have taken their gowns
to the laundry, have taken themselves to the fields.
Dreams of motion circle the Persian rug in a room you were in.
On the beach the sadness of gramophones
deepens the ocean’s folding and falling.
It is yesterday. It is still yesterday.

So much of this piece seems to be about ‘dreams of motion’—there is perambulation implied or stated in every line, though it is not so leisurely as it is mesmerized—and even ‘mesmerism’ has too much agency to truly capture the state of semi-wakelessness that Strand crafts.

One moves through the piece, as I mentioned, in a kind of emotive haze whose disconnect is only heightened by the hard edges of certain phrases. Professors of English ‘tak[ing] their gowns/to the laundry’ ought to be a footfall on which the narrative of the poem could gather solid weight, but it is immediately undercut by the disembodiment of ‘have taken themselves to the fields’—as if the body, too, could be dropped somewhere and fetched later. The concreteness of ‘Persian rug’ and ‘gramophone[]‘ are likewise compromised (so to speak) by a non-sequitor change of scene; the ‘dreams of motion’ that might lift the moving pattern off the rug into ghostly pavanes; and an ocean whose actions more closely mimic those of a nightshirt than a liquid element.

Here again, an echo: this time of Dickinson’s [530]:

You cannot fold a Flood—
And put it in a Drawer—
Because the Winds would find it out—
And tell your Cedar Floor—

And while Strand’s poem doesn’t have the cheek of Dickinson’s, it surely shares [530]s mysterious ambient awareness—that is, the awareness of the material without mind.

The sixth line of the piece reads to me like a Jungian archetype: as though it must’ve been etched on consciousness for millennia previous to human conception, sharing space with the primordial ooze. Is this truly ‘nostalgia,’ I wonder? Has the speaker created a space of images worthy of redefining the nostalgic?

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POEM: e.e. cummings’ [Buffalo Bill's]

[Buffalo Bill's]

Buffalo Bill’s
defunct
                    who used to
                    ride a watersmooth-silver
                                                                      stallion
and break onetwothreefourfive pigeons justlikethat
                                                                                               Jesus
he was a handsome man
                                             and what i want to know is
how do you like your blueeyed boy
Mister Death

—e.e. cummings

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Michelle Boisseau’s “Among the Gorgons”

Michelle Boisseau’s “Among the Gorgons” is another powerful piece from the first issue of Poetry‘s centennial year.

There’s something specially exciting about a Bildungsroman-esque opening to a lyric poem; ‘For seventeen years I was caught in surf’ immediately contrasts to the looming brevity of the piece, suggesting that the reader will experience a lifetime’s narrative (or nearly) in 26 lines. Boisseau’s varied styling of breaks and enjambment in the opening stanza are a fast gambit: the legibility of the first line is quickly broke up, ‘[d]rubbed and scoured,’ and the progress of the poem forecasted.

So much is ‘bodied’ in the speaker’s transformation, where the sea ‘trot[s],’ the galaxy ‘eye[s],’ and fishes ‘flap.’ Though certain moments of physical content (‘the extra bit of wit//a grandma leaves on her chin’) are against my Apollonian, such moves are undeniably important in illustrating the speaker’s fragment. The collage of seascape and society in

[. . .] A galaxy of dimes
eyed my sag and crinkles and dismissed
me like a canceled stamp

widened my eyes a few times. Also jarringly fresh in Boisseau’s rendering of Gorgon is ‘something tugged at me, silver braids/weaving and unweaving themselves’—the metamorphosed is not accounted for so much as it is suggested, and I can feel a new part of the corpus, the two dozen snakes, slither into life, and the new ‘sensing’ that the speaker is suddenly charged with managing.

Appropriately, there is a haze toward the poem’s conclusion: what surety remains is one that moves toward a completely different manner of conception. Volume and depth of path are skewed. A cave first ‘crackle[s],’ and that abstract metaphor is heightened again by the marriage of kindling in a ‘woodstove’ with ‘laughter.’ So that the lavish ‘A landslide opened/a seam of rubies and we stepped in’ challenges a reader to both read the image literally and imagine sites beyond the literal. Is the ‘seam of rubies’ (!!) a break in the earth? a sunset seen at the cave’s terminus? a cleave in space-time? And what implication looms for a formerly young speaker now given a deathly immortality?

Poet and speaker, these are the questions I want to be asked to answer.

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Amy Beeder’s “Dear Drought”

I’m not sure whether it’s my ear or my thwarted Romantic that’s more provoked by Amy Beeder’s “Dear Drought.”

The use of assonance is downright heady—posy/goathead; sharp/garland; weed/cheat; legged/neglected—and pairs with Beeder’s drumming trochees (‘bitter zinnias fell to bits’ and ‘dream of hidden stables’) to craft a hamlet of thought that is nothing short of sumptuous. A rather pointed contrast, isn’t it, to the speaker’s poetic mise en scèce—the product we truck in is a devastated sort, ‘goatheads’ (smart: reads as both a spiny weed and a skull), ‘sharp garlands of thistle,’ ‘squash bugs strung on blighted stems,’ ‘egg cluster[s] that I scraped away with knife/or twig or thumbnail.’

You see: I can’t help but quote the poem at length.

The romance in “Dear Drought” is the romance of language (for those won by it), and then the strange drowning bitterness of being riven from a partner of some sort—man, woman, world. You can see the speaker has given herself over to consumption: a majestic (linguistic) prostration. The image that best encapsulates the speaker’s draw to feast and famine is her dream:

[. . .]Wake me sweat-laced
from a dream of hidden stables: the gentle foals

atremble, stem-legged, long-neglected.

Beeder sets this happy snare by using the loving, sweet care of ‘dream,’ ‘hidden,’ and ‘gentle’ first, and finishing the scene with fear, lost flesh, and desertion. The enjambment of ‘Dear/drought’ is also laid with real intelligence, since we come upon it like an old friend; ‘weed & cheat’ and ‘lattice & husk’ are pairings just spicy enough to mete out her tension in boxes.

Indeed, when that ‘yearling’ surfaces—almost yanked from the ‘dream of hidden stables’—Beeder’s delivery expands far beyond whatever local hurt might have forced this poem into being. One assumes the year-old animal will process the contents of this scene all his life.

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Janice Greenwood’s “Tempest”

Between their production of quality chapbooks and verse/schematic/collage mixtures in their webzine, Ander Monson and staff at DIAGRAM/NMP continue to occupy a unique niche in contemporary poetry. Janice Greenwood’s “Tempest” is among the best of their offerings this issue, [11.6].

One can’t help but smile at the care involved in the standby image for [11.6], especially in terms of how “Tempest” opens: the arm-and-paw illustration speaks immediately to the disembodiment of ‘the hours making disparity of our arms and legs,’ an image that is thrust alongside ‘sea,’ ‘bell,’ and general ‘wreckage of self’: quite a crew of occupants. The title of the poem does work to both situate and unseat a reader, I think—I’m immediately back beneath the tossed deck of Mr. Shakespeare’s The Tempest, with boatswain, Antonio, and the rest of the company (check W.S.’s scenic direction: ‘On a ship at sea: a tempestuous noise [. . .]); as the piece continues to move, I’m aware there’s no discernibly concrete connection to that play, and can see the tempest as one of many ‘storms’ about a home (or even a Tempest keelboat).

But, let me say: the speaker’s mention of ‘bell’ in line 1 recalls such a darling memory from The Tempest (‘Sea nymphs hourly ring his knell:/Hark! now I hear them—Ding, dong bell’ [I, ii]) that I refuse to believe I’m marooned with this touchstone by our sailor unwittingly.

Though I can’t nail down its content completely, there’s something sexy about the scene as it unfolds. The way time ravels in ‘hours’ and the rich double reading of ‘minute’ in ‘[T]he illusion of the minute unrolling from the spindle//of its chrysalis[,]‘ the tilting room, the zooming from hands to fingers, the curtain, the volatility of quicksilver, the kicked-over lamp that breaks ‘night elemental’—these things seem to be both—again—the content that wants shielding from the constellations and stars by the ‘webbing of hands[,]‘ and also the things which the stars might not be able to stand had they view.

Ultimately, it’s no surprise that this impassioned narrative is driven to a connection with exteriority, if for no other reason than momentary respite: the ‘sail in the dark’ offers a beacon for which the speaker may or may not choose to reach. Even though Greenwood’s ‘a sail, a sail, a sail‘ recalls the peaceable repetitive close to Eliot’s “The Waste Land,” I’m not convinced speaker or parties are headed for cover.

For more reviews on poems and chapbooks published by DIAGRAM, check our archives [here] and [here].